History GCSE Unit 1

History GCSE: Medicine through Time

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Week Details & links Assessed work / further work / QMA My Learning

1 Medicine Introduction - Structure of paper I, paper II and coursework. How the course is examined, the key areas of the specification, how work will be marked etc.

2 What is a development study? - Define key words that will be used throughout the topic. Overview of the whole time period to be covered
Medicine Overview - TS

3 & 4
Medicine in Prehistoric Times - Understand how people were treated and the believed causes of illness. Understand what the term 'Prehistory' means. Study evidence at the time and the problems with it. Look at the groups who treated the sick.
Prehistoric Powerpoint - TS

5 & 6
What influenced Egyptian Medicine? - Highlight the differences between Egyptian civilisation and English civilisation at this time. Study the factors that influenced Egyptian medicine and develop reasoning why
Egyptian Introduction-TS
Egypt Map-TS

7 & 8
What did the Egyptians believe caused illness and how did they treat it? - Investigate who treated the sick, what they knew about the body or could identify within the body, what they thought caused disease, how they tried to prevent/cure illness.
Egyptian Beliefs and Cures - TS
Powerpoint Egyptians (JH)

9
Egyptian Medicine: Change or Continutity - Compare medicine in the prehistoric and Egyptian era to assess changes and continutiy. To assess if Egyptian medicine was an important step forward.

10 & 11
Ancient Greece: Asclepius and temple medicine - Highlight the two main traditions in Greek medicine; I) temple medicine and the cult of Asclepius and II) Hippocrates writings and the theory of the four humours. Study what happened at an Asclepion and possible alternative explanations for why patients were cured.
Asclepius and Greek Asclepia - TS
The Asclepion (JH)

12 & 13
The theory of the four humours and resulting treatments - Explanation of how the Greeks linked the four elements to the seasons and thus to the body. Consider the idea of whether or not the theory of the four humours was a step forward. Explanation of how the humours worked and how they were balanced
The four humours - TS
Powerpoint 4 Humours (JH)

14
Why was Hippocrates important? - Investigate the Hippocratic Oath and the rules it set for other doctors. Look at other contributions Hippocrates made to medicine - decide which would improve patient health and which would improve medical knowledge or perhaps hinder.
Powerpoint Hippocrates (JH)
Hippocrates - TS
Hippocratic Oath - TS

15
What developments were made in the study of anatomy/surgery? - Look at the role of Alexandria and what the Greeks were and were not good at in these areas. Comparison of Greek medicine with other civilisations
Alexandria Notes - TS
Greek Comparison - TS
Egyptian and Greek Millionaire - TS

16
Introduction to Roman Medicine - Understand the differences and similarities between Greek and Roman medicine through initial comparisons

17 & 18
Galen the showman - Understand what Galen's ideas were and why he was an important medical figure. Look at Galen's attitudes, ideas, methods and mistakes. How much did he influence medicine?
Galen the Showman - TS
QMA 1

19 & 20
Roman Public Health - Consider the importance of the public health facilities built, especially considering the Romans knew nothing about germs. What were the motives for such? Why were the Romans able to provide such impressive health facilities? What was the importance of the Roman army to all of this?
Powerpoint Galen and Roman Public Health (JH)

21 & 22
Comparison of the different civilisations in the Ancient World - Initial comparison on aspects such as beliefs, treatments, surgical procedures, who treated the sick etc. Then compare the civilisations in regards to how factors helped/hindered the development of medicine during each era.

23
Introduction to the Middle Ages - Did medicine regress or progress in this period? What are the alternate names for this period? Study the influence of factors such as the fall of the Roman Empire and Christianity. How did these impact the developments at the start of the Middle Ages?

24 & 25
Did medicine progress in the Middle Ages? - What criteria can be used to judge if progresssion was made? Middle Ages case studies. Did health decline during the Middle Ages?

26 & 27
Why were Galen's ideas still believed in the Middle Ages? - Study Galens ideas; how did they fit in with Christianity, the role of the church in the Middle Ages, limitations of dissection etc. What else influenced medicine in the Middle Ages?

28, 29 & 30
The Black Death - Modern and contemporary views of the Black Death. Investigate symptoms, believed causes, actual causes, worst hit areas, the different types of plague. What did the Black Death reveal about medical ideas and why? Was medical knowledge progressing?
The Black Death-TS
Pupil Work - The Black Death Quiz
Powerpoint (JH)

31 & 32
Public Health in the Middle Ages - To what extent was public health a problem in the Middle Ages? Compare public health conditions in the Middle Ages with those in the Roman Times.

33
Black Death - Differences in Treatment - Compare ideas about the plague, how it was treated etc over a wide range of time periods.

34 & 35
How did the church help/hinder medicine? - Why were monasteries important? What was the Church's role in medicine? Analyse if this role helped or hindered the devlopment of medicine.

36
The impact of Islam on medicine - What countries were under islamic influence in the Middle Ages? What were the key points of Islamic medicine? Was European or Islamic medicine more advanced?
Islamic Introduction-TS

37
Introduction to the Renaissance - What was the Renaissance? Overview of how it helped medicine to develop
Reniassance Introduction -TS

38 & 39
Why was Andreas Vesalius important? - Who was Vesalius and why was he important to medicine? Study his specialisation in anatomy and how it led to Galen's work being challenged. Why was the 'Fabric of the Human Body' so important and what factors enabled such?

40
Why was Pare important? - Why was Pare important and what advances did he make? What part did various factors play in Pare's discoveries?

41
Harvey and Circulation - How does the heart work and which people and what ideas guided Harvey to his discovery? What were the limitations of his findings? To what extent would his findings help patient health?
Harvey - TS

42
Conclusion to the Medical Renaissance - How did various factors lead to the discoveries made by Vesalius, Pare and Harvey? How do the factors inter-relate? How did they bring about the various discoveries?
Renaissance Summary - TS
Powerpoint Renaissance (JH)
Powerpoint Renaissance Overview (JH)

43 & 44
Edward Jenner and Vaccination - What inoculations existed beforehand? What discovery did Jenner make? What opposition did he face? How important was his work?
Jenner - TS
Information/Picture Sources (JH)

45 & 46
Pasteur and Koch: Development of the germ theory and bacteriology - What understanding of disease existed before their work? What was Pasteur's theory? How did he improve medicine? What work did Koch do and why was it important? What later successes did Pasteur have? Who was the most important in medicine; Pasteur or Koch?
Louis Pasteur - TS
Powerpoint Pasteur 1 (JH)
Powerpoint Pasteur 2 (JH)

47
What effect did James Simpson have on surgery? - Explanation of anaesthetics and the development of such up to the mid-19th century. What did Simpson discover? What arguments existed for and against such a discovery?.
Problems with Surgery (JH)

48
Jospeh Lister and Antiseptics - What foundations did Ignaz Semmelweiss provide in the area of surgery? What antiseptic did Lister find? What success did he have? What opposition did Lister face? How did he influence surgery and what other improvement did his work lead to?

49 & 50
Fleming and the development of penicillin - Understand how penicillin was developed. Identify and explain the role of various factors in the development of penicillin (e.g. WWI, chance, company investment)
Powerpoint Penicillin (JH)

51 & 52
Why were Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole important? - Study the contributions of the two women, the hardships they had to face, how they developed hospitals and improved care for the sick. Judgement on who was the most important and why
Florence Nightingale - TS

53
Developments in blood tranfusions and modern medicine - Overview of modern surgery. Understand the impact of x-rays, blood transfusions and how they tried to develop fighting against infections - magic bullets
19th Century Medicine Millionaire - TS

54
Industrialisation and the development of public health - Investigate how industrialisation impacted on the development of medicine both in a positive and a negative manner. Study how public health has developed and why such is important to health.
A Public Health Breakthrough - TS
Medical Marvels - TS
Cholera Powerpoint (JH)

55
What was the impact of WWI on medical progress? - Understand why war often leads to progress in medicine and how it did specifically, during WWI. Focus on how it hindered the development of medicine as well.
An introduction to the 20th Century - TS
Magic Bullets - TS

56
What was the impact of WWII on medical progress? - Study key developments (blood transfusions, diet, drugs, poverty, surgery, hygiene, diseases etc). For each be able to explain how it improved health and who it would have impacted and why. Would such developments have occurred even without the occurrence of WWII
Impact of WWII - TS

57 & 58
The development of the National Health Service - Why was the NHS introduced? Who introduced the NHS? How did it help the general public? What was the effect of the NHS on the development of medicine? What opinions existed about the NHS
Powerpoint The N.H.S.(JH)
NHS - TS
Mock Exam Review

Week	Details & links	Assessed work / further work / QMA	My Learning
1	Medicine Introduction - Structure of paper I, paper II and coursework. How the course is examined, the key areas of the specification, how work will be marked etc.
2	What is a development study? - Define key words that will be used throughout the topic. Overview of the whole time period to be covered Medicine Overview - TS
3 & 4	Medicine in Prehistoric Times - Understand how people were treated and the believed causes of illness. Understand what the term 'Prehistory' means. Study evidence at the time and the problems with it. Look at the groups who treated the sick. Prehistoric Powerpoint - TS
5 & 6	What influenced Egyptian Medicine? - Highlight the differences between Egyptian civilisation and English civilisation at this time. Study the factors that influenced Egyptian medicine and develop reasoning why Egyptian Introduction-TS Egypt Map-TS
7 & 8	What did the Egyptians believe caused illness and how did they treat it? - Investigate who treated the sick, what they knew about the body or could identify within the body, what they thought caused disease, how they tried to prevent/cure illness. Egyptian Beliefs and Cures - TS Powerpoint Egyptians (JH)
9	Egyptian Medicine: Change or Continutity - Compare medicine in the prehistoric and Egyptian era to assess changes and continutiy. To assess if Egyptian medicine was an important step forward.
10 & 11	Ancient Greece: Asclepius and temple medicine - Highlight the two main traditions in Greek medicine; I) temple medicine and the cult of Asclepius and II) Hippocrates writings and the theory of the four humours. Study what happened at an Asclepion and possible alternative explanations for why patients were cured. Asclepius and Greek Asclepia - TS The Asclepion (JH)
12 & 13	The theory of the four humours and resulting treatments - Explanation of how the Greeks linked the four elements to the seasons and thus to the body. Consider the idea of whether or not the theory of the four humours was a step forward. Explanation of how the humours worked and how they were balanced The four humours - TS Powerpoint 4 Humours (JH)
14	Why was Hippocrates important? - Investigate the Hippocratic Oath and the rules it set for other doctors. Look at other contributions Hippocrates made to medicine - decide which would improve patient health and which would improve medical knowledge or perhaps hinder. Powerpoint Hippocrates (JH) Hippocrates - TS Hippocratic Oath - TS
15	What developments were made in the study of anatomy/surgery? - Look at the role of Alexandria and what the Greeks were and were not good at in these areas. Comparison of Greek medicine with other civilisations Alexandria Notes - TS Greek Comparison - TS Egyptian and Greek Millionaire - TS
16	Introduction to Roman Medicine - Understand the differences and similarities between Greek and Roman medicine through initial comparisons
17 & 18	Galen the showman - Understand what Galen's ideas were and why he was an important medical figure. Look at Galen's attitudes, ideas, methods and mistakes. How much did he influence medicine? Galen the Showman - TS	QMA 1
19 & 20	Roman Public Health - Consider the importance of the public health facilities built, especially considering the Romans knew nothing about germs. What were the motives for such? Why were the Romans able to provide such impressive health facilities? What was the importance of the Roman army to all of this? Powerpoint Galen and Roman Public Health (JH)
21 & 22	Comparison of the different civilisations in the Ancient World - Initial comparison on aspects such as beliefs, treatments, surgical procedures, who treated the sick etc. Then compare the civilisations in regards to how factors helped/hindered the development of medicine during each era.
23	Introduction to the Middle Ages - Did medicine regress or progress in this period? What are the alternate names for this period? Study the influence of factors such as the fall of the Roman Empire and Christianity. How did these impact the developments at the start of the Middle Ages?
24 & 25	Did medicine progress in the Middle Ages? - What criteria can be used to judge if progresssion was made? Middle Ages case studies. Did health decline during the Middle Ages?
26 & 27	Why were Galen's ideas still believed in the Middle Ages? - Study Galens ideas; how did they fit in with Christianity, the role of the church in the Middle Ages, limitations of dissection etc. What else influenced medicine in the Middle Ages?
28, 29 & 30	The Black Death - Modern and contemporary views of the Black Death. Investigate symptoms, believed causes, actual causes, worst hit areas, the different types of plague. What did the Black Death reveal about medical ideas and why? Was medical knowledge progressing? The Black Death-TS Pupil Work - The Black Death Quiz Powerpoint (JH)
31 & 32	Public Health in the Middle Ages - To what extent was public health a problem in the Middle Ages? Compare public health conditions in the Middle Ages with those in the Roman Times.
33	Black Death - Differences in Treatment - Compare ideas about the plague, how it was treated etc over a wide range of time periods.
34 & 35	How did the church help/hinder medicine? - Why were monasteries important? What was the Church's role in medicine? Analyse if this role helped or hindered the devlopment of medicine.
36	The impact of Islam on medicine - What countries were under islamic influence in the Middle Ages? What were the key points of Islamic medicine? Was European or Islamic medicine more advanced? Islamic Introduction-TS
37	Introduction to the Renaissance - What was the Renaissance? Overview of how it helped medicine to develop Reniassance Introduction -TS
38 & 39	Why was Andreas Vesalius important? - Who was Vesalius and why was he important to medicine? Study his specialisation in anatomy and how it led to Galen's work being challenged. Why was the 'Fabric of the Human Body' so important and what factors enabled such?
40	Why was Pare important? - Why was Pare important and what advances did he make? What part did various factors play in Pare's discoveries?
41	Harvey and Circulation - How does the heart work and which people and what ideas guided Harvey to his discovery? What were the limitations of his findings? To what extent would his findings help patient health? Harvey - TS
42	Conclusion to the Medical Renaissance - How did various factors lead to the discoveries made by Vesalius, Pare and Harvey? How do the factors inter-relate? How did they bring about the various discoveries? Renaissance Summary - TS Powerpoint Renaissance (JH) Powerpoint Renaissance Overview (JH)
43 & 44	Edward Jenner and Vaccination - What inoculations existed beforehand? What discovery did Jenner make? What opposition did he face? How important was his work? Jenner - TS Information/Picture Sources (JH)
45 & 46	Pasteur and Koch: Development of the germ theory and bacteriology - What understanding of disease existed before their work? What was Pasteur's theory? How did he improve medicine? What work did Koch do and why was it important? What later successes did Pasteur have? Who was the most important in medicine; Pasteur or Koch? Louis Pasteur - TS Powerpoint Pasteur 1 (JH) Powerpoint Pasteur 2 (JH)
47	What effect did James Simpson have on surgery? - Explanation of anaesthetics and the development of such up to the mid-19th century. What did Simpson discover? What arguments existed for and against such a discovery?. Problems with Surgery (JH)
48	Jospeh Lister and Antiseptics - What foundations did Ignaz Semmelweiss provide in the area of surgery? What antiseptic did Lister find? What success did he have? What opposition did Lister face? How did he influence surgery and what other improvement did his work lead to?
49 & 50	Fleming and the development of penicillin - Understand how penicillin was developed. Identify and explain the role of various factors in the development of penicillin (e.g. WWI, chance, company investment) Powerpoint Penicillin (JH)
51 & 52	Why were Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole important? - Study the contributions of the two women, the hardships they had to face, how they developed hospitals and improved care for the sick. Judgement on who was the most important and why Florence Nightingale - TS
53	Developments in blood tranfusions and modern medicine - Overview of modern surgery. Understand the impact of x-rays, blood transfusions and how they tried to develop fighting against infections - magic bullets 19th Century Medicine Millionaire - TS
54	Industrialisation and the development of public health - Investigate how industrialisation impacted on the development of medicine both in a positive and a negative manner. Study how public health has developed and why such is important to health. A Public Health Breakthrough - TS Medical Marvels - TS Cholera Powerpoint (JH)
55	What was the impact of WWI on medical progress? - Understand why war often leads to progress in medicine and how it did specifically, during WWI. Focus on how it hindered the development of medicine as well. An introduction to the 20th Century - TS Magic Bullets - TS
56	What was the impact of WWII on medical progress? - Study key developments (blood transfusions, diet, drugs, poverty, surgery, hygiene, diseases etc). For each be able to explain how it improved health and who it would have impacted and why. Would such developments have occurred even without the occurrence of WWII Impact of WWII - TS
57 & 58	The development of the National Health Service - Why was the NHS introduced? Who introduced the NHS? How did it help the general public? What was the effect of the NHS on the development of medicine? What opinions existed about the NHS Powerpoint The N.H.S.(JH) NHS - TS	Mock Exam Review